Helmert型方差—协方差分量估计的通用公式

The Goneral Formulas of Helmert type for Estimating Variance and Covarince Caomponents

本文在概括函数模型和它的通用公式的基础上,导出了一个适用于所有平差方法的方差—协方差分量估计的通用公式,并由此给出方差分量估计的通用公式和简化的通用公式。

The estimates of variance components of Helmert type for both condition and para-meter adjastmeat methods have been given in many geodetic literatures and correspondingsimplified fofmulas have been respectively derived under some assumptions (e. g. the si-mplified formulas from Forstner, Ebner, Helmert, and Welsch, etc.)。but the estima-tion formula of variance-covariance compnents of Helmert type is only given for theparameter adjustment. Based on a general functional model [1], a general formula ofHelmert type for estimating variance-covariance components which is applicable to alladjustment methods has been derived in this paper, and directly from it a general formulaand corresponding simplified formula for estimating variance components are also given.