测量不确定度与《测量不确定度表示指南》

Uncertainty of measurement and guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement

CIPM、BIPM、ISO等国际组织提出了统一的测量准确度的评定方法 ,制定了“测量不确定度表示指南”等技术规范 .测量不确定度的提出对于计量学、经典真值误差概念、误差理论研究和应用、测量结果评定与表示等都具有划时代的意义 .本文对“测量不确定度表示指南”进行综述 ,介绍测量不确定度的提出和发展过程、计量学指南联合委员会 (JCGM)关于测量不确定度的工作情况 ,以及在 JCGM/WG1工作会议上我国提出的关于 GUM建议修改意见 .

Some international organizations, such as CIPM, BIPM and ISO, have advocated a united method to estimate accuracy of measurement, and managed to establish a technical standard named 'Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement'(GUM). This definition of uncertainty in measurement has an epochmaking meaning for fields like metrology, classic true value of quantity based error concept, error theories' research and application, and measuremet expression results. This article gives a broad overview on the 'Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement' standard, and introduces the establishment and the developement process of this standard. Also, the current working status of uncertainty of measurement in JCGM as well as the modification option raised by China in the JCGM/WGI meeting have been introduced.