4种作物部分非叶器官气孔频度及其在光合作用中的意义(英文)

STOMATAL FREQUENCY ON SOME NON-LEAF ORGANS OF FOUR CROP SPECIES AND THEIR SIGNIFICANCE IN PHOTOSYNTHESIS

通过对小麦 (TriticumaestivumL .)、大豆 (Glycinemax (L .)Merrill)、油菜 (BrassicanapusL .)和玉米 (ZeamaysL .)等 4种作物部分非叶器官 (油菜和大豆的豆荚 ;小麦的外稃和玉米的苞叶 )的气孔频度、气孔大小和气孔指数进行了比较研究。结果发现 ,上述作物非叶器官的气孔频度均较对应叶低 ;而气孔大小和气孔指数则变化较大。其中油菜和大豆非叶器官气孔的直径通常比对应叶大 ,小麦和玉米非叶器官的气孔直径则较小 ;大豆和油菜的非叶器官气孔指数比对应叶小 ,而玉米却较对应叶大。另外 ,还着重讨论了非叶器官的气孔频度对作物光合作用的影响 ,并提出了在非叶器官中可能存在与已知光合途径不同的光合类型。

The stomatal frequency, the guard-cell length and the stomatal index of non-leaf organs (pod of soybean and rape, lemma of wheat and husk leaf of corn) and leaves were investigated on four crops (Glycine max (L.) Merrill, Brassica napus L., Triticum aestivum L. and Zea mays L.). The results showed that stomatal frequency of non-leaf organs on four crops was significantly lower than that of leaves, whereas the guard-cell length and stomatal index varied greatly between leaves and non-leaf organs on these crops. The guard-cell length on the pod of soybean and rape was larger than that of their leaves. In both wheat and corn, the guard-cell lengths of non-leaf organs were smaller than those on leaves. The average values of the stomatal index in the non-leaf organs in these cultivars were smaller than that of leaves. In contrast, the stomatal index on non-leaf organs was bigger than that on leaves in corn. When evidence from physiological studies was incorporated. The significantly lower stomatal frequency in non-leaf organs suggested that non-leaf organs might use a different form of photosynthesis rather than being categorized within an existing C 3 or C 4 type.