小麦-中间偃麦草双体异附加系的选育及形态学和细胞学鉴定研究

Studies on the cultivation and morphological and cytological identification of wheat-Elytrigia intermedium alien disomic addition lines

应用在小麦品种烟农 1 5与中间偃麦草杂交的五个世代群体中直接筛选 2 n=2 2 植株的方法 ,获得 1 1个双体异附加株 ,分别命名为 DAL1、DAL2、……、DAL1 1。双体异附加株的细胞学稳定性较强 ,外源染色体传递频率高。形态学和细胞学鉴定结果表明 :DAL 1、3、5、6、8、9、1 0、1 1等 8个异附加系中附加的可能是中间偃麦草第 2部分同源群的染色体。其中 ,DAL5、9、1 0、1 1是同一种异附加系 ,DAL6和 DAL8为同一种异附加系 ,DAL3可能与之相同 ;DAL1与上述 7个异附加系均不同。DAL2和 DAL4可能分别附加了中间偃麦草第 5部分同源群的 1对染色体 ,但二者在形态上存在差异。DAL7可能附加了中间偃麦草第 7部分同源群的 1对染色体。旗叶卷曲是异附加系 DAL 1、3、5、6、8、9、1 0、1 1共有的形态标记。 1

Eleven wheat-Elytrigia intermedium alien disomic addition plants were isolated by selecting individual plant with 2n=22Ⅱ from five hybrid generations of Yannong 15/Elytrigia intermedium.They were named with DAL1-DAL11,respectively.The mitosis of root tip cells of these alien disomic addition plants were observed and the results indicated that they were stable in heredity.Alien disomic addition lines were distinguished with morphological markers and cytological means.The results showed that alien disomic addition lines DAL1,3,5,6,8,9,10 and 11 contain Elytrigia intermedium chromosomes that related to the chromosomes of wheat homologous group 2.DAL 5,9,10 and 11 are the same lines.DAL3 may be similar to DAL6 and DAL8,which are the same lines.DAL1 is different from the other 7 lines.The added chromosomes of DAL2 and DAL4 may be homologous of group 5.However,they are different in kernel character.DAL7 carries a pair of Elytrigia intermedium chromosomes which may be homologous of group 7.Curl flag leaf is the special morphological marker of DAL1,3,5,6,8,9,10 and 11.