安徽省2000～2001年麻疹爆发的原因分析

Study on Reasons of Measles Outbreak in 2000-2001 in Anhui Province

为探讨安徽省麻疹爆发的原因 ,将麻疹控制在较低水平 ,采用 1∶2匹配的病例对照方法研究麻疹疫苗 (MV)的效力。 2 0 0 0～ 2 0 0 1年安徽省麻疹爆发病例数平均占病例总数的 6 2 % ,爆发病例主要集中在 7～ 14岁儿童 ,其构成占 70 %以上。调查 15 6例麻疹 ,30 9名对照 ,MV的效力为 6 8% (95 %可信区间为 5 0 %～ 86 % )。发生麻疹爆发到报告疫情时间为 6～ 4 9d。中小学生中MV效力较低和疫情报告不及时是发生麻疹爆发的主要原因。有必要在中小学生中开展 1次MV接种工作。

In order to know the reasons of measles outbreak and accelerate measles control,a survey was conducted to study measles vaccine efficacy with case-control study Measles outbreak cases of 2000?2001 accounted for 62% averagely, which dominated by the children aged 7?14 years(>70%) 156 cases and 309 controls were investigated,measles vaccine efficacy was 68%(95% confidence interval,50%?86%) There were 6?49 days apart from onset of measles outbreak to epidemic reporting The main reasons of measles outbreak were low measles vaccine efficacy among the school children and the untimely reporting So it is necessary to conduct a measles immunization campaign targeting to the school children and improve sensitivity of measles surveillance system