电介质与血压关系的研究—全国16个地区调查分析结果

Relationship Between Urinary Electrolytes and Blood Pressure in 16 Regions of China

目的 阐明钠、钾、钙、肌酐等电介质与血压的关系。方法 对全国南北方 1 6个城市和地区的 2 0～ 59岁男女居民 32 4 8人进行人体测量收集夜尿换算成 8小时尿量计算尿钠、钾、钙、肌酐排出量 ,进行相关分析。结果 高血压患病率北方点为 9.3 % ,南方点为 5 .5 % ,北方明显高于南方 ,女性高于男性。高血压组尿钠、钠 /钾比高于正常组P <0 0 1。逐步回归分析 1 6个地区的尿钠、钠 /钾比与血压未发现有相关性。但个体的尿钠、钠 /钾比与SBP、DBP呈正相关 ,而与尿钾、尿钙呈负相关。结论 应指导人群改善生活方式 ,降低钠盐摄入量 。

Objective To study the relationship between UNa?UK?UCa?UCr?and blood pressure. Subjective and Methods An epidemiological survey was performed in 16 regions of China each comprised of 200 local residents of 20～59 years old . An age sex stratified random sample was draw. 3248 persons were divided into five age sex specific groups. Health status was assessed by questionnaire. Height and weight were measured. The blood pressure was measured and a night urine was collected for analysis of urinary sodium, potassium, calcium and creatinine . Results A striking statistically significant difference exists in UNa, UNa/K ratio between hypertensive group and normal BP group (In hypertensive group UNa 67.8 mEq, UNa/k ratio 8.3 versus normotensive group UNa 54.5 mEq, UNa/k ratio 7.3, P <0 01). But no statistical significance was found between south and north nhibitants or sex in hypertensive groups. The inter population simple correlation and regression analysis showed a negative relationship between UCa/Cr or UK/Cr and SBP. The level of UNa did not correlate with BP. However A positive correlation was found between UNa/Cr or UNa/K ratio and SBP or DBP. While negative correlation exhibit between UK/Cr or UCa/Cr and SBP or DBP. Conclusion The study showed that dietary salt intake may contribute to blood pressure elevation and to the prevalence of hypertension. Lifestyle modifications should be instituted that including reduction of high salt intake, and increase in potassium, calcium intake, in the treatment of hypertension.