爱玉栽培的初步研究

Initial Research on Cultivation of Ficus Pumila Var. Awkeotsang

爱玉是一种榕属攀援灌木,其果实可以制作凉粉食用。近年来闽台地区开始人工栽培。实验表明爱玉人工栽培采用实生苗较扦插苗生长缓慢,营养生长期长,生长5年尚未结果,采用扦插苗第4年即可开花。扦插苗成活率随插条材料和季节不同而有区别,以营养枝扦插成活率高达92%以上。爱玉必须依靠薜荔榕小蜂传粉,通过引入榕小蜂出飞期的花序,能成功地建立种植园榕小蜂初始种群。

Ficus pumila var. awkeotsang belongs to a kind of climbing shrubs in Ficus, and its fruits can be used to make jelly. In recent years, Fujian and Taiwan have been artificially cultivating it. Experiments show that its seedling grows more slowly than its cutting seedling and has long vegetative growth term; Under the condition of artificial cultivation, it will not bear fruits in 5 years; However, it can be in bloom at the forth year by using cutting seedling; the survival rate of the cutting differs with the diversity of cutting wood and in different seasons; the highest survival rate of the foliage branch cutting can reach over 92 percents; F. pumila var. awkeotsang must pollinate by relying on Blastophaga pumilae; an initial deme of fig wasps in plantation can be successfully established by introducing flying-out syconia of the fig wasps.