重穗型杂交稻穗颈节间维管束与籽粒充实关系的研究

The Characteristics of Vascular Bundles in the First Internode and Grain-filling of Heavy Panicle Hybrid Rice

对重穗型杂交稻穗颈节间维管束特征及其籽粒充实进行了研究。结果表明 ,重穗型组合的大维管束数目、单个维管束面积及维管束总面积、韧皮部总面积均明显高于汕优 6 3。重穗型组合的维管束颖花负荷量、总库容负荷量均与汕优 6 3相当。重穗型组合杂交稻不仅库容大 ,而且籽粒充实率、充实程度良好 ,结实率正常。发达的维管束是重穗的前提。选育重穗型杂交稻是水稻超高产育种的可行的技术途径。

The characteristics of vascular bundle in the first internode and grain filling of heavy panicle hybrid rice (HPHR) were studied. The HPHR has more vascular bundles and a much bigger area of single vascular bundle, total vascular bundle, total phloem and total xylem in the first internode than Shanyou 63. The vascular bundle has a similar spikelet number load and sink load in the HPHR and Shanyou 63. The HPHR not only has a larger sink but also possesses normal grain filling, sink filling, high seed setting percentage and heavier panicles. Those characteristics of vascular bundle were the biological basis for the large and heavy panicle of HPHR. The results also indicated that the breeding method of HPHR is an effective measure for the super high yielding rice breeding.