跨流域调水与华北水资源的合理配置——我国南水北调新路径的探讨

CROSS-BASIN WATER TRANSFER AND RATIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF WATER RESOURCES WITHIN NORTH CHINA: NEW ROUTE FOR CHINA'S SOUTH-TO-NORTH WATER TRANSFER PROJECT

文章从合理配置华北水资源的角度 ,通过对我国南水北调目前几个方案的对比分析 ,提出解决我国华北缺水问题的跨流域调水方案的优化设想及其便捷的路线 :从黄河沿偏关河调水至永定河上游 ,再以海河水系分流供应华北 ,然后从长江补水进黄河 ;实现以北方的水资源供应华北 ,以南方的水资源作补偿和使黄河成为“H”状的永不断流的清水河的目标。从水文特征、工程特征、生态与风险、社会与经济效益等多个方面对优化方案进行了综合分析 。

It is suggested in this paper that China's south-to-north water transfer could be put into practice by a new plan, whose route designed is like “H” in shape. The new plan argues that the Yellow River water should be transferred from Pianguan River, in the north of Shangxi Province to the headwater of Yongding River, which makes it possible to supply regions within the North China Plain with water respectively. Meanwhile, the water of Danjiangkou Reservoir can be transferred directly to Yellow River, replenishing the water shortage of Zhengzhou or Sanmenxia Reservoir. It is suggested in this paper that more benefits, in fields such as ecological and environmental protections, calamity prevention, cultivated land saving and so on, can be got from this new plan's implementation.