世界主要大国的资源安全战略

RESOURCES SECURITY STRATEGIES OF MAJOR DEVELOPED COUNTRIES

石油是重要的战略物资和“政治”商品 ,在世界经济和国际关系中具有特殊重要的意义。第一次石油危机对西方国家经济打击巨大 ,使得发达国家采取了一系列重要措施保证资源 (特别是石油 )的安全供应。该文在分析主要大国资源安全战略的基础上 ,总结了发达国家保障资源安全供应的几个共同措施 ,这就是 :①建立战略性资源储备体系 ;②建立区域性合作组织 ,共同抗击资源供应中的风险 ;③增加资源进口渠道 ,避免对某一地区资源的过分依赖 ;④调整经济结构 ,减少资源消费 ;

In terms of international economy and international relations, oil means not only natural resources, but also very important strategic and political materials. Suffered from the first oil crisis in 1973, developed countries have made a series of countermeasures to maintain oil supply. Based on the analysis of major developed countries' strategies on resources security, common measures that developed countries have done for dealing with resources security problems is summarized in this paper. The main points are: (1) establishing reserve system of strategic resources; (2) resisting oil crisis by organizing resources-consuming alliance; (3) increasing resources import sources rather than single source; (4) transforming industrial structure and reducing resources consumption; (5) evading price fluctuation by market mechanism.