人类活动影响下的四湖地区湿地景观格局分析

SPACE PATTERN OF WETLAND LANDSCAPE OF FOUR-LAKE AREA IN JIANGHAN PLAIN BASED ON THE IMPACT OF HUMAN ACTIVITIES

湿地景观空间结构研究是湿地生态研究的核心之一 ,景观功能的性质和发挥 ,影响着湿地的物质流、信息流和能量流的特征 ,进而影响湿地区域的资源开发利用与保护。运用景观的空间格局指数 ,在遥感和GIS技术的支持下 ,结合江汉平原四湖地区的湿地农业的区域特点 ,确定了四湖地区湿地景观分类系统 ,为了更好地定量分析四湖地区湿地景观格局的特点 ,我们选取了三类景观格局指数来定量描述湿地景观空间格局 ,即基本空间格局指标 (多样性、均匀度及优势度 )、景观空间构型指标 (聚集度、破碎化 )及斑块特征指标 (斑块分维数 ) ,比较系统地分析四湖地区湿地景观空间格局。

The landscape spatial structure research is an important area in wetland ecology,it determines the characteristics of landscape functions,and impacts on the flow of matter,information,and energy flow of wetland ecosystem,and then on the protection and exploitation of wetland resources.In this paper,the wetland landscape of Four Lake area is studied with remote sensing and GIS,we establish the classification system of wetland landscape of Four Lake area,measure the indexes of the landscape pattern wetland,and also analyze the characteristics of landscape space pattern.Meanwhile,we discuss the impact of human activities on the structure and spacial succession of wetland landscape in Four Lake area of Jianghan plain.