浙江省城乡小学一年级新生适应行为发展比较研究

A Comparative Study on Development of First-grade Pupils' Adaptive Behavior between Urban and Rural Areas in Zhejiang

目的 比较研究城乡小学一年级新生适应行为发展的特点 ,促进小学新生心理行为适应教育。方法 应用儿童适应行为评定量表 ,调查城乡小学一年级学生。结果 语言发展、社会责任、个人取向、经济活动以及认知因子、社会 /自制因子城市学生占优势。生活自理、劳动技能、时空定向以及独立因子农村学生占优势 ;适应能力不良检出率城市为 2 3 8% ,农村为 2 7 6% ,农村高于城市 (P <0 0 5 )。结论 城乡小学一年级新生适应行为发展各有优势 ;城市和乡村学生心理适应困难存在差异。

Objective To compare the characteristics of development of first_grade pupils' adaptive behavior between urban and rural areas for improving the education of the adaptation.Methods A scale questionnaire for assessing the children adaptive behavior was used for the first_grade pupils in urban and rural areas respectively. Results Pupils in city were advanced in language development, social responsibility, individual willing, economic activities, recognition and social/ self_control factors; in other hand, pupils in rural were good at self_independent in life, labor skills, spatial orientation and independent factors. The incidence of poor adaptive behavior was 23 8% in city and 27 6% in rural with a statistical significant difference (p<0 05).Conclusions The development of adaptive behavior and psychologically adaptation has different characteristics between the urban and rural first_grade pupils.