大型载货汽车被动安全性的特点及改进措施

Features of Passive Safety of Heavy-duty Truck and Analysis of Its Im provements

大型载货汽车造成的人员伤亡仅次于小型客车。载货汽车在交通事故中造成对方伤害的主要因素是:大型载货汽车车架结构离地高度大,在前、后方造成轿车钻入碰撞,侧面造成碾压;大型载货汽车的质量远大于轿车,与轿车相撞时导致碰撞相容性问题。前、后下部防护装置能有效地防止轿车钻入,合理的能量吸收特性可改善载货汽车与轿车的碰撞相容性。文中用交通事故统计数据说明载货汽车被动安全性的重要性,深入分析载货汽车被动安全性的特点,最后介绍了改进载货汽车被动安全性的措施。

Casualties by heavy-duty trucks are just less than by minibus.Main reasons why heavy-duty trucks do harm to the other side are:frame clearance of the heavy-duty truck is bigger,which makes passenger car insert under the truck from the front or rear side and rolled over on the lateral side in an accident ;mass of heavy-duty truck is much greater than that of passenger cars which makes impact compatibility occur when a heavy-duty truck collides with a passenger car.The front and rear underrun protections can effectively protect passenger cars from inserting under trucks,rational energy absorption characteristics can improve impact compatibility.Importance of passive safety of heavy-duty vehicle is introduced with statistical data of traffic accidents in the paper.Features of heavy-duty vehicle passive safety are analyzed deeply.Improvements of passive safety are introduced in the end.