氢原子波函数的经典极限分析

ANALYSIS OF WAVE FUNCTIONS FOR HYDROGEN ATOMS IN CLASSICAL LIMIT

由电子绕原子核的经典轨道运动出发,对电子的椭圆轨道初始坐标参数求平均,得到空间密度分布。这分布与经典极限条件下氢原子中定态几率密度相同。类似的比较也推广到相空间进行。由这一比较得出结论:定态氢原子波函数不描述单个原子而描述一个系综。

Basing on the classical trajectory motion for an electron circling an atomic nucleus and averaging the motion over initial coordinate parameters of ellipse trajectories for the electron, we get a density distribution in space. This distribution is consistent with probability density of stationary state for hydrogen atom in the classical limit. This comparison shows that a wave function of hydrogen atom in stationary state does not describe an individual atom but an ensemble.