儿童哮喘危险因素病例对照研究

Case-control Study on Risk Factors for Asthma in Children.

【目的】 探讨儿童哮喘的危险因素。 【方法】 应用 1∶1配对的病例对照研究方法 ,调查和分析有关的暴露因素。 【结果】 调查了 13 1对对照病例 ,在单因素和多因素条件logistic回归分析中儿童过敏史、特应性体质、急性呼吸道感染史、母亲孕期被动吸烟、父母对子女态度民主、母亲了解孕期保健知识均与儿童哮喘有统计学意义。在P <0 .0 1的显著水平下 ,上述各指标最终进入主效应模型 ,回归系数分别为 2 .3 3 41、3 .2 5 87、3 .195 2、1.5 864、 1.715 1和 1.0 2 3 7。 【结论】 儿童过敏史、特应性体质、急性呼吸道感染史、母亲孕期被动吸烟是儿童哮喘的危险因素 ;父母对子女态度民主、母亲了解孕期保健知识是保护因素 ;这对儿童哮喘的预防有着重要意义。

To explore the risk factors for asthma in children. A 1∶1 matched case control study was conducted to analyses risk factors for asthma in children. One hundred and thirty one matched pairs were investigated.Six factors were associated with risks of the disease,including the children's allergy history,atopy,acute respiratory infections,father's smoking in front of the pregnant mother,the democratic parental attitude to their children and maternal knowledge of prenatal care.When single and multiple logistic regression model were processed respectively,the coefficients of these factors in multiple logistic regression model were 2.334 1?3.258 7?3.195 2?1.586 4? 1.715 1 and 1.023 7,respectively,when P value <0.01 was observed. [Conclusion] The history of allergy,atopy and acute respiratory infections of children,mother's passive smoking during pregnancy increased the risk of asthma in children and the factors such as maternal knowledge of prenatal care,the parental democratic attitude to their children could decrease the risk of asthma in children,which were important to the prevention of asthma in children.