安徽省1998～2001年麻疹流行病学特征和控制策略分析

Study on Epidemiological Characteristics of Measles and Measles Control Measures in Anhui Province During 1998～2001

为了解安徽省加速控制麻疹进展 ,对 1998～ 2 0 0 1年麻疹流行病学特征和控制策略进行了分析。自采取加速控制麻疹措施后 ,麻疹发病率下降显著 ,1996～ 2 0 0 0年年平均发病率比 1991～ 1995年下降了 6 7 72 % ;麻疹仍每隔2年流行 1次 ,持续 2年 ;每年 3～ 6月是发病高峰季节 ;平均发病年龄逐年增大 ,2 0 0 1年为 11 0 6岁 ,但仍属小年龄发病模式 ;爆发病例占总病例数的 6 0 %以上 ,主要集中在中小学生。建议继续采取以下控制麻疹的策略 :①提高和维持高水平 2剂麻疹疫苗接种率 ;②有必要在中小学生中开展麻疹疫苗强化免疫活动 ;③进一步加强麻疹及其它出疹性疾病监测。

In order to know the progress in measles control,the epidemiological characteristics of measles and the control measures in Anhui Province during 1998～2001 were analyzed.Measles incidence had declined markedly since the measures for accelerating measles control were carried out.The average incidence of measles in 1996～2000 decreased by 67.72%,as compared with that of 1991～1995.Measles prevalence occurred every 2 years and lasted 2 years.The prevalent season was from March to June.The average age of measles cases increased year by year and it was 11.06 years old in 2001,but still it attacked children of 0～14 years old(young children model).Measles outbreak mainly occurred in primary and middle school students,they accounted for more than 60% of the total cases.The following measures should be continued to implement in Anhui:1.Achieving and keeping high immunization coverage rate of 2-dose measles vaccine;2.Conducting immunization campaign of measles vaccine among school-aged children;3.Strengthening surveillance of measles and other rash diseases.