高超音速推进用吸热型烃类燃料的热稳定性研究 Ⅱ.添加剂的合成与评价

STUDY ON THERMAL STABILITY OF ENDOTHERMIC HYDROCARBON FUELS FOR HYPERSONIC PROPULSION Ⅱ. AUTOXIDATION MECHANISM AND ADDITIVES EVALUATION

结合燃料的自氧化机理 ,指出了抗氧剂、金属减活剂以及清净分散剂三种单元添加剂在燃料自氧化过程中的抗沉积原理。自行合成了一种新型清净分散剂———聚异丁烯硫磷酸的季戊四醇酯PETPA。对酯化产物用FT IR和NMR进行了结构分析 ,给出了合成过程中硫磷化、水解、及酯化阶段的反应历程。考察了三种单元添加剂抗氧剂A、清净分散剂D和金属减活剂M ,以及由单元添加剂组成的添加剂包的抗沉积效果。结果表明 ,抗沉积效果AMD >MD >AD >AM >D >M >A。其中清净分散剂为主要添加剂 ,三种单元添加剂组成的添加剂包的抗沉积效果最为明显 ,在RP 3、MCH及THDCPD燃料体系中 ,沉积量分别减少了 87 10 %、90 91%和 89 12 %。PETPA无论是单独还是复合使用其效果均优于聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺T15

Additives and additive package have been considered as one of the most effective and economical measures to improve thermal stability of jet fuels By analyzing the autoxidation mechanism of fuels in thermal oxidation, the inhibitive principles of antioxidant, detergent dispersant and metal deactivator to reduce deposits are given respectively A new type of detergent dispersant called as pentaerythritol ester of polyisobutenylthiophosphonic acid (PETPA) is synthesized, and its structure is analyzed by FT IR and NMR to give the reaction processes The effects of additives and additive package containing antioxidant (A), detergent disperant (D) and metal deactivator (M) in reducing thermal oxidation deposit are studied The result shows that the inhibitive effect order is AMD>MD>AD>AM>D>M>A Overall, the detergent dispersant is the dominant additive, and all combinations containing it exhibit the significant improvement in thermal stability based on deposit criterion The greatest improvement in reducing deposit (improving thermal stability) occurred with the use of the three additive combination The deposit amounts are reduced by 87 10%, 90 91% and 89 12% in RP 3, MCH and THDCPD respectively PETPA shows better effect on reducing deposit than T?154 used either single or together