乙状窦、颈静脉球及面神经位置变化的相关性分析

Linear correlative analysis of displacement of the sigmoid sinus,jugular bulb and facial nerve

目的 :研究乙状窦、颈静脉球及面神经位置变化的相关性。方法 :对 2 2侧正常成人头颈标本进行显微解剖 ,建立乙状窦、颈静脉球及面神经乳突段位置的三维空间参照系 ,测量相关数据并进行相关分析。结果 :乳突板障型和气化型标本的乙状窦 外耳门距离均大于硬化型。乙状窦 外耳门距离与颈静脉球高度、鼓索起点高度负相关 ,与面神经 乙状窦距离正相关 ;棘孔 颈静脉球距离与颈静脉球顶 内耳门水平距离正相关 ;颈静脉球顶 外半规管垂直距离与颈静脉球顶 内耳门水平距离之间负相关 ,与面神经 颈静脉球距离正相关 ,而颈静脉球顶 内耳门水平距离与面神经 颈静脉球距离负相关。结论 :乙状窦前移则颈静脉球偏高 ,鼓索起点位置亦偏高 ;颈静脉球前移则伴随着内移 ;颈静脉球顶高则颈静脉球外移 。

Objective:To study the correlation ship between the displacements of the sigmoid sinus (SS),jugular bulb (JB) and facial nerve (FN).Methods:Experiments were carried out on 22 formalin fixed skull half specimens of healthy adults.Under a surgical microscope,each specimen was dissected,and extended the dissection to achieve adequate exposure of the SS,JB,FN,and relevant structures.Three dimensional reference system describing the displacements of these structures was established.The measurements were made meticulously using modified calipers.Statistical methods such as t test and linear correlation were used.Results:The distance between the SS and external acoustic canal (SS EAC) of diploic or pneumatical specimens was larger than that of ossified specimens.The SS EAC was negatively correlated with the height of the JB and the height of the initial point of chorda tympanic,and was positively correlated with the distance between the FN and SS.The distance between foramen spinosum and JB was positively correlated with the horizontal distance between the top of JB and internal acoustic pore (JB IAP).The vertical distance between the top of JB and the lateral semicircular canal was negatively correlated with the JB IAP,and was positively correlated with the distance between FN and the JB (FN JB),while the JB IAP was negatively correlated with the FN JB.Conclusion:The displacements of the SS,JB,FN are correlated.These regularities have great clinical significance.