西安市自然灾害的成因与防治研究

A Study on the Cause and Control of the Natural Disasters in Xi'an Region

本文以野外实际考察为主,对西安市区黄土和山麓区的滑坡、泥石流灾害,进行了1/10000填图,分出危险、易滑和安全区,为采取防治措施提供了基础资料。利用航片对翠华山的山崩和1988年蓝田泥石流作了研究。认为西安市自然灾害种类多,危害大,主要有地震、滑坡、泥石流、干旱、内涝等,这些灾害都有区域分布规律,相互之间有着密切关系。灾害产生的原因,是内营力和外营力的作用,往往多突发性灾害,易造成伤亡事故和严重经济损失。对各种灾害的灾情、危害、暴发区域、形成机理、今后应采取的防治措施,包括监测、预报和防治途径,均作了研究。

This paper, particularly based on the field investigation, maps the landslides and mud-rock flowes in the loess and mountain regions of Xi'an with the scale of 1:10000, and divides the whole region into three subregions, dangerous, slippery and safe subregion in order to provide more basic materials for disaster control. The auther, based on the researches of the landslides of the Cuihua Mountain and the mud-rock flowes of Lantian County in 1988, argues that there arc many kinds of disasters, mainly including earthquick, landslide, mud-rock flow, drought, waterlogging and serious harmfulness. Each kind of disasters has its own regional distribution pattern and a close relationship with the others. The cause of disasters is mainly the results of the internal and external force effects. The disasters in this region, usually, take place abruptly and create accidents with casualties and serious economic losses easily. In addition, the conditions, harmfulness, occuring region, excitation mechanism, and control measures including moniter-ing, forecasting and soon, are also researched.