论我国农业发展新阶段的特征和任务

On Features and Tasks of China's Agricultural Development in a New Stage

我国农业已进入新的历史发展阶段。主要农产品由全面短缺转为总量基本平衡,出现了结构性和地区性的过剩。收入目标上升为农业生产的主要目标,非农产业成为农民收入增长的主导性因素。农业发展对资本和技术的依赖程度越来越大,劳动力和土地的作用下降。农业发展的制度创新从确立农户的独立经营地位,转向农业与相关产业的一体化经营。因而新阶段农业发展的主要任务是调整农业结构,保证农民收入稳定增长,发展农业产业化经营,实施小城镇发展战略,推进基本实现农业现代化的进程。

China's agriculture has entered into a new stage of development. Major produces have shifted from short supply to aggregate balance, with some structural and geographic excesses. Increase of incomes has become the major goal and non-farming industry constitutes a leading factor in the efforts to increase farmers' incomes. Agricultural development depends more and more on capital and technology while the importance of labor and land reduces. The institutional innovation in agriculture has shifted from merely determining a household's independent status of operations to the integration of farming and relevant businesses. Thereby, the major task of agricultural development in this new era is to readjust the agricultural structure, to ensure a steady increase of farmers' incomes by developing industrialized farming operations and urbanizing small-sized towns, and thus realizing the modernization of agriculture.