早熟桃胚珠离体培养研究

Research on Ovule Culture in Vitro of Early-maturing Peach

胚发育指数分别为0.15和0.40的‘西农早蜜’桃幼胚在胚珠离体培养条件下维持胚性生长,转移胚培养后各获得77.8％和100％的成苗率,克服了桃幼胚营养中存在的早熟萌发、成苗率低等问题。此外,取盛花后10d(胚处于二细胞原胚期)、17d(球形胚)、24d(球形胚)、31d(心形胚)、38d和45d(肉眼看不到的幼胚)的胚珠进行培养,分别获得1.7％,3.4％,14.3％,22.4％,53.4％和57.9％的成苗率,为克服李属果树种间杂交桃胚早期败育的障碍,提供了新方法。本文还研究了影响胚珠培养的有关因素。

Young embryo of 'Xinong early-maturing honey peach' with embryo developing indexes of 0.15 and 0.40 can maintain the embryo growth under the conditions of in vitro culture of ovule. After the transfer culture,the obtained plantlet survial rates were 77.8% and 100% respectively, thus, solving the prob-^ lems of early-maturing germination existed in the young embryo culture, and low normal plantlet ratio. In addition, the ovules taken from 10 days (embryo with two cells) , 38 days (globular embryo) , 24 days (globular) , 31 days (heart-shaped) , 38 days and 45 days (immature embryo invisible by naked eyes) were cultured, the plantlet survial rates were 1.7%, 3.4%, 14.3%, 22.4%, 53.4%, and 57.9% respectively, thus, providing a new method to overcome the harries of the early abortion of peach embryo in interspecific cross of Prunus. Also, the paper deals with some other elements affecting ovule culture.