探讨影响赤潮的物理因子及其预报

Study and forecasting on red tide caused by marine physical factors

通过多年对广东沿海港湾赤潮发生机理的探讨 ,归纳出引发赤潮的主要物理因子 ,并深入研究潮汐变化与赤潮形成的关系。作者认为在沿海一些半封闭的海湾 ,在月赤纬偏小期间发生大潮易引发赤潮。大亚湾澳头水域 4～ 5月份大潮后多呈现不正规全日潮 ,易出现赤潮生物高峰期 ,较明显的赤潮从发生至消退的全过程往往跨越一个潮水期。根据实践经验总结 ,作者提出利用潮汐变化规律对大亚湾澳头水域 2 0 0 1年 5月份可能出现的赤潮初始阶段作尝试性预测 ,并在赤潮初始阶段通过对水域的浮游生物优势种和当地天气的变化趋势加强观测、研究 ,希望能对赤潮暴发作出较准确的预报。

Based on the study on the mechanisms of red tide in the coastal bays of Guangdong Province for several years, the mainl marine physical factors of red tide caused were induced, and the relationship between tidal action and red tide was studied. In the semi-closed bay of Guangdong coastal area, red tide bloom would be easier to appear during spring tide on the days of lower moon declination. In Aotou sea area of Daya Bay, the irregularly diurnal tide appeared after the spring tide during April and May, and the bloomy time of red tide organisms comes in the diurnal tide. The whole process of Red Tide (more obviously, form blooming to vanishing) would leape over one tidal period. The results of practice and experience showed the pattern of local tide would be used for the beginning date of red tide that possibly bloomed and forecast as an attempt in Aotou sea area, Daya Bay in May 2001. By the intensive monitoring and study forward on the varying tendency of phytoplankton dominant species and local weather in the study area in beginning of red tide, the distinct forecast for red tide blooming would be achieved.