海水养殖对近岸生态环境的影响

Effects of mariculture on coastal ecological environment

海水养殖对近岸生态环境的影响一般包括它对养殖水休自身生态环境的污染和对近海水域生态环境的破坏两个方面。它对养殖水体的污染主要是营养物的污染、药物的使用污染以及底泥的富集污染 ,而它对近海生态环境的破坏主要表现为对近岸海洋生物生态系统的破坏和沿岸滩涂、红树林资源的破坏。本文就海水养殖对近海生态环境的影响作了详细的综述 ,然后从调整生态结构和改善管理水平出发 ,提出了为海水养殖可持续发展可采取的措施和对策。

The mariculture impacts on the coastal ecological environment often include two sides, one is that it makes itself polluted, the other is that aquaculture has destroyed the ecosystem in the water area. The water mostly was polluted by nutrient, use of medication and enrichment of sediment on the bottom; on the other side, what was destroied, the ecosystem in the neighborhood were the demolishment of the ecosystem of the halobios in seacoast and the unrecoveried edstruction of marsh and mangroves. Based on the effect of mariculture on coastal zoology, and the view of adjusting the ecosystem's structure and enhancing the managemental level, the countermeasures about the mariculture's sustainable development were discussed.