促进云南松母树林开花结实研究

A STUDY ON PROMOTING SEED STANDS OF PINUS YUNNANENSIS TO BLOSSOM AND BEAR FRUIT

云南松(Pinus yunnanensis)木材质量下降,其主要原因是用遗传品质低劣的种子造林。为保证云南松材质优良,提高林分经济价值,必须选用优质种子造林。优质种源基地建立以后,如何使母树早结实、多结实,作者在云南省永仁县白马河林场云南松母树林中进行了试验研究。经过四年的实施、观察、分析得出下列结论:对云南母树施氮肥,种子产量增加265％;施硼砂,种子产量增加175.32％;在树干上注射赤霉素和高锰酸钾,种子产量增加43.76％和87.66％;对云南松母树树冠适当修剪能改变树冠的形状,增加结实层和树冠表面积,这些措施既不会改变云南松的遗传特性,又能提高种子产量,在生产上简单易行,建议在林木种子生产部门试用。

The timber quality of Pinus yunnanensis is decereasing mainly because the low-grade seeds in genetic quality are used to afforest. In order to ensure the timder guality of Pinus yunnanensis and to raise the economic value of stand, it is necessery to use the high quality seeds to afforest, to set up the base of ine quality seed sources and to make the scedtrees bear more fruits earlier. The authors of this paper have been experimenting on the seed stand of Pinus yunnanensis on Baima River forest farm in Yongren County, Yunnan Rovince. Having spent four years planning, constructing, observing and analysing, they got the following results. The seed production increased by 265%, 175.32%, 43.76% and 87.66% respectively by applying nitrogen fertilizer and the trace element of boron to the seed trees, and by injecting gibberellin and potassium permanganate into trunks of the trees while the crown shaps were changed and fruiting layer and crown surface area were widened afterthe trees were pruned. All these methods could not change the heredity of seed trees of Pinus yun- nonensis, but could increase the seed production of the seed trees and be easy and convenient to be used in practice. The seed-producing depardment was suggested to use them.