啤酒大麦亲本组配及早代选择

PARENT MATING AND EARLY GENERATION SELECTION IN MALTING BARLEY

以8个啤酒大麦品种组配成64个组合,在三年种植中,考察其6个主要经济性状。结果表明,一般配合力和特殊配合力方差对性状均重要,多数性状为加性基因效应占主导。其中,大穗大粒受加性基因效应控制,结实粒数受非加性基因效应控制。最佳配合亲本为85G63,81—18,82—14。F_1,F_2世代所有性状特殊配合力平均表现呈显著正相关,可作为早代选择的依据。选配组合时,以好×一般为最优。

Six agronomic traits of malting barley(Hordeum dislichum L.)wasinvestigated in 64 combinations in an 8—parent diallel cross made in 1987—1989.Both GCA and SCA variances appeared to be important for allthe characters studied.However,predominance of additive gene effectswas noted for most traits.Spike length and grain weight seemed to becontrolled by additive gene effects,and grain number by non-additivegene effects.Three parents having high GCA effects for most yield com-ponents,85G63,81—18 and 82—14,were considered to be the best generalcombiners.Significant positive relationship was observed in the averageSCA performance of all the traits betweent F_1s and F_2s,which could betaken as the basis for evaluating early generation crosses.Combinationsof good×ordinary combiners are recommended in parent mating.