材料科学与工程中的马氏体相变

Martensitic Transformations in Materials Science and Engineering

本文综述了马氏体相变的若干特征,用位错应力场和可动性定量描述了马氏体相界面的构成,并对马氏体的形核与成长进行了分析和讨论。根据马氏体相变的特定性质介绍和解释了钢的淬火硬化、热弹性、伪弹性、相变塑性和增韧以及形状记忆现象。对马氏体相变特征的深入研究必将为材料科学中各学科分支和显微分析技术开辟出会聚途径。

In this paper, some features of martensitic transformations, martensitic interfaces and martensitic nucleation and growth are reviewed and discussed. The quench-hardening of steel, thermoelastic martensitic transformations, pseudo elasticity,transformation plasticity and toughening as well as shape-memory phenomena are introduced and discussed based on the distinctive features of martensitic transformations.Persistent and intersive study of the distinctive features of martensitic transformations has channeled convergence of various discipline of materials science and many kinds of microscopies.