摘要
地方社会的捕猎是对印度野生动物最普遍的威胁之一,可是,对地方捕猎的性质、内容及其对野生动物的影响等方面的认识仍然很少。我们调查了印度南部的两个保护区—Kudremukha和Nagarahol(?),评估了地方捕猎对大型哺乳动物的影响。我们通过对退役的和在役的猎人进行的细致采访,来描述捕猎格局。我们对比了捕猎脆弱性不同的相邻样地内大型哺乳动物的丰富度,来评估捕猎对其的影响。在Kudremukha,至少有26种哺乳动物被猎杀,多数是用枪支,估计密度为每村每月216个猎人工作日。在Nagarahol(?)那些强制措施较差的重猎区,9种重点大型哺乳动物中有6种密度显著要低。我们的数据强调:在大面积的地方捕猎区内,保护主义者的行动对大型哺乳动物保护来说,是十分重要的。
Hunting by local communities is among the most widespread threats to Indian wildlife, yet, the understanding of its nature, extent, and impacts on wildlife has been poor. We surveyed 2 protected areas桲udremukha and Nagarahole梚n southern India to assess the impacts of local hunting on large mammals. Detailed interviews with retired and active hunters were employed to describe hunting patterns. Impacts of hunting were assessed by comparing large-mammal abundance in adjacent sites differing in their vulnerability to hunting. In Kudremukha, at least 26 species of mammals were hunted, mostly with guns, at an estimated intensity of 216 hunter-days per month per village. In Nagarahole, 6 of the 9 focal species of large mammals occurred at significantly lower densities at the heavily hunted site where enforcement capabilities were poorer. Our data underscore the importance of preservationist programs in the conservation of large mammals in a context of extensive local hunting.
