信息选择与经验价格

Information Selection and Experienced Price

本文从信息经济学的角度 ,分析了食盐市场 ,高档汽车市场 ,彩电市场的价格制定与形成。指出价格围饶价值的波动是该市场的主要参与者相互博弈的结果。价格博弈的实质是信息博弈 ,谁拥有的私人信息多 ,谁就能在博弈中取得主动。根据上述分析 ,提出了“经验价格” ,“经验成本”的系列新概念。认为市场价格是商品价值与卖者经验价格之和或商品价值与买者经验价格之差构成的。经验价格源于买者或卖者的私人信息 ,是对其为搜寻信息所付出成本的奖励效用。经验成本则是当事人以当时经验认为的付出。

From the point of view of informational economics, the article analyzes the formation of the prices in common salt, premier automobile, and color TV market, and then concludes that fluctuation of prices around value is the result of gaming among the major participants in the market. The essence of price gaming is the information gaming, that is, the more private information one has,the more advantages one possesses in the gaming. Furthermore, the author puts forward several concepts: experienced price and experienced cost. The author thinks that the market price is the sum of the value of commodity and the seller's experienced price or difference between the value of commodity and the buyer's experienced price. Experienced price originates from the seller's or buyer's private information and is the award for them to seek such information. Experienced cost is the payment that the person wants to make according to his experience at that time.