新型“钻井”固井液工艺和技术(Ⅰ)

Novel "drilling" cementing fluid technology-part one

新型“钻井”固井液是兼顾钻井、固井两大功能的油田工作液,它采用第一组分——潜胶凝组分,和膨润土、水及其它处理剂配制成适于长期循环的钻井流体,潜胶凝成分在此时是惰性的;钻井完成后,在钻井液中加入第二组分——激活剂或聚合物等,把钻井液转化为胶凝浆,将胶凝浆泵入环空,上返至设计高度,候凝使之固化,即完成一次注水泥作业。在现场固井时,可以采用泥饼和井眼环空同时固化胶结或先将泥饼预固化,然后再用胶凝浆固井的施工方式。新型“钻井”固井液体系可归纳为:高炉水淬矿渣、激活剂体系;金属化合物、聚合物组成的离子型聚合物体系;金属化合物、磷酸组成的磷酸盐体系。新型“钻井”固井液技术摒弃了传统的固井工艺和固井材料;有效地解决了在钻井、固井过程中出现的循环漏失、液柱回落问题,有助于泥饼及井壁的稳定;有效地解决了传统固井水泥浆与钻井液的不相容问题,有效地提高了固井质量,特别是第二界面的胶结质量;淡化了顶替机理和顶替技术;解决了废弃钻井液排放造成的环境保护问题。它的实现将带来钻井、固井一体化的技术革命。介绍了新型“钻井”固井液的工艺路线及其配方设计。

To promote the field using of novel 'drilling' cementing fluid, lots of researchers from Shell Oil Company and other oil companies did vast amount of experimental work, mainly on the performances of universal drilling fluid (UF), gelling slurry characteristics, mud cake solidification and interface cementation, etc. A set of unconventional testing methods were developed, with the help of laboratory simulating and evaluating technology. Such tests included the compressing strength and shearing cementation strength tests of filtering core, expanding test of activator, simulating test in the large-scale horizontal hole, and HTHP shearing cementation test. Field using of the novel 'drilling' cementing fluid at home and abroad, together with its technical advantages were presented.