放牧制度对短花针茅草原植物群落的影响

Effect of Rotational and Continuous Grazing System on Vegetation in Stipa breviflora Desert Steppe

通过对划区轮牧与连续放牧两种制度对荒漠草原植物群落的影响的比较研究 ,从植被角度探讨在家庭牧场的生产实践中适合的放牧制度。结果表明 :轮牧制度对草群影响较小 ,优良牧草在草群中的重量比与重要值高于连续放牧制 ;牧草现存量轮牧制下的草场高于连续放牧制 ,草地牧草生产力连续放牧下的高于划区轮牧 ,但多年生牧草生产力低于划区轮牧 ;暖季连续放牧下草群营养早期高于轮牧区 ,秋末则低于轮牧区 ,表现出较大的变化幅度。整体上划区轮牧下的草群状况接近于未放牧的围栏封育小区 。

A comparation study was conducted between rotational(RG) and continuous(CG) grazing system on community in Sripa breviflora desert steppe at a large scale based on family ranch.The main result as follows:the percentage of biomass of fine forages and IV(importance value index)were higher in RG than in CG;the standing crop biomass was also higher in RG, but the productivity above ground was in opposite, it was higher in CG. As far as the main plant was considered, the above ground productivity was lower in CG, so the high gross productivity in CG was mainly due to the high contribution of the forbs.In this experiment the nutrition of the vegetation was analised, the percentage of crude protein was higher in CG in the beginning(June,July),then declined with time going and became lower than RG in the end(October),the percentage of the crude fibro show an opposite trend, that gave another evidence that the nutrition of the vegetation in CG varied in a larger scale than that in RG.