浅谈国外汽车塑料化的现状

PRESENT STATUS ON PLASTICS APPLICATIONS IN AUTOMOBILE INDUSTRY ABROAD

较详细地介绍了国外塑料在汽车工业上的应用和发展过程,从60年代开始,塑料在汽车内部件如座席、扶手、靠垫、方向盘等部件上的应用发展到现在在汽车保险杠、档泥板及汽车车身等大型汽车外装件和结构部件上的应用。塑料材料也由原来的PVC、PE和聚氨酯泡沫等通用塑料逐渐转向工程塑料及塑料合金,从而使世界平均每辆汽车塑料消耗量由1970年的40kg(约为汽车重量3％)增加到1990年为110kg(占汽车重量9％～10％)。同时也指出了塑料在汽车工业上应用存在的一些不足之处和今后的发展方向,为我国汽车工业塑料化发展提供参考。

In this article, the plastics applications and their developing process in automobile industry are inroduced in relative detail。 It is pointed out that the plastics applications have ranged from some internal parts such as seat, handle, backing mat and steering wheel made of PVC, PE and PU foam etc. in 1960's, to the large size external parts and even the constructional parts such as bumper, mudguard and car-body etc. They are made of engineering plastics and plastics alloys in nowadays. This great development has caused the plastics consumption per car to increase from 40kg (about 3 per cent of total car weight) in 1970 to 110 kg (9～10 per cent of that) in 1990. The article also points out some disadvantages of plastics use in automobile industry and orients the developments thus supplying referenee for the developments of our eountry's automobile plastics.