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信任、忠诚与家族主义困境 被引量:297

Trust,Loyalty and the Predicament that Clannishness is In
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摘要 My basic standpoint expressed in this paper is that, although TRUST has been defined in different aspects, there is no definition of TRUST that is aimed at depicting the cultural system characteristic of China, as opposed to the Western definition. In order to comprehend accurately the TRUST structure under the circumstances of Chinese culture, it is necessary to divide TRUST into social and individual. The social trust is founded on law and legal contracts, while private trust is an evolutionary process based on trust administration and coordinative games among individuals or organizations. Compared with the Western developed market economy, China lacks social trust while she has more private trust of which the market is cut apart, in other words, it is a "difference sequence structure"with discrimination against outsiders and in favor of insiders. In this article, this special trust structure is defined as "TRUST of CLANNISHNESS". Different from the Western general trust based on CONFIDENCE, this trust of clan system is built on LOYALTY. It can be discerned that, if described with Bryan’s coordinative games, the clannish trust may result in the optimum Pareto Coordinative game, which can better solve the trust problem in agency. The clannish trust, however, cannot, or can hardly untangle problems of the lack of agent ability --the problems that crop up with the organizational scale or trade complexity increased, which are called CLANNISHNESS DELEMMA in this paper. And under special trade circumstances, the management by trust, as a choice made when the time is opportune, is determined, under the conditions of the specified cultural system, by the managerial cost structure. My basic standpoint expressed in this paper is that, although TRUST has been defined in different aspects, there is no definition of TRUST that is aimed at depicting the cultural system characteristic of China, as opposed to the Western definition. In order to comprehend accurately the TRUST structure under the circumstances of Chinese culture, it is necessary to divide TRUST into social and individual. The social trust is founded on law and legal contracts, while private trust is an evolutionary process based on trust administration and coordinative games among individuals or organizations. Compared with the Western developed market economy, China lacks social trust while she has more private trust of which the market is cut apart, in other words, it is a 'difference sequence structure'with discrimination against outsiders and in favor of insiders. In this article, this special trust structure is defined as 'TRUST of CLANNISHNESS'. Different from the Western general trust based on CONFIDENCE, this trust of clan system is built on LOYALTY. It can be discerned that, if described with Bryan's coordinative games, the clannish trust may result in the optimum Pareto Coordinative game, which can better solve the trust problem in agency. The clannish trust, however, cannot, or can hardly untangle problems of the lack of agent ability --the problems that crop up with the organizational scale or trade complexity increased, which are called CLANNISHNESS DELEMMA in this paper. And under special trade circumstances, the management by trust, as a choice made when the time is opportune, is determined, under the conditions of the specified cultural system, by the managerial cost structure.
作者 李新春
出处 《管理世界》 CSSCI 北大核心 2002年第6期87-93,133,共8页 Journal of Management World
基金 国家教育部人文社会科学研究"十五"规划项目"战略联盟与网络组织中的信任与控制机制"(项目编号:01JA630021 ) 广东省自然科学基金项目"家族制度对广东非国有企业治理结构的影响"资助
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