引用相对浓度解决化学反应速度常数的不同单位问题

Solution of Different Units of Rate Constant in Chemical Reactions by Relative Concentration

为了解决化学教科书中用速度方程 V =k. Ca A.Cb B…导出的反应速度常数常因反应级数不同而有不同的单位问题。根据碰撞理论和过渡理论的观点 ,速度常数 k的本质是热力学标准态浓度条件下的反应速度 ,与反应速度可用相同单位 (mol . L-1. s-1) ,在此基础上引进相对浓度 (实际浓度 /标准态浓度 )作质量作用定律公式中 Ca A. Cb B的单位 ,把速度常数 k表述为当反应物相对浓度均为 1时的反应速度 ,可使速度常数 k变为不带单位的常数。

In chemical textbooks, the rate constant educed from the rate equation V=k·C a A ·C b B ...normally has different units in terms of the orders of reactions.According to effective collision and transition state theory, the rate constant k is regarded as the reaction rate under thermodynamic normal concentrations,and the k may have the same unit as reaction rate. In this point, the relative concentration (true concentration/standard state concentration) can be used as unit of C a A ·C b B  of the mass action law formula. The rate constant can be expressed as the reaction rate when the reactant relative concentrations are all one, and has no relation to unit