直流电压作用下绝缘子表面电荷积聚的研究

Research on the Insulator Surface Charge Accumulation under DC Voltage

为了对直流电压作用下的绝缘子表面电荷进行测量，设计了一种性能优良的新型电容探头，该电容探头具有电荷泄漏少、分辨率高的优点．研究了外施直流电压极性、幅值、作用时间和外界气象条件对表面电荷积聚的影响．研究表明：当外施电压的幅值和作用时间增加时，绝缘子表面电荷密度的平均值逐渐增加；绝缘子表面电荷的分布与外施电压的极性密切相关；睛朗天气要比小雨天气更易积聚表面电荷，说明绝缘子表面电导率对表面电荷积聚是有影响的．

A new type of capacitive probe for measuring surface charge distribution is designed. The test results show that the present capacitive probe has high resolution and low leakage current. The surface charge distributions on the surface of different type insulators are measured. A research on the effects of amplitude, polarity and the stressed duration of the applied voltage on the surface charge accumulation is carried out. The present research shows that the average charge density increases with the increase of the amplitude and the duration of the applied voltage. The applied voltage polarity and climate condition have effect on the surface charge distribution.