家庭环境因素与儿童哮喘关系的病例对照研究

Case-control Study on Relationship Between Home Environment and Asthma in Children

目的 探讨家庭环境因素与儿童哮喘的关系。方法 应用 1∶1配对的病例对照研究方法 ,调查和分析家庭环境中与儿童哮喘有关的暴露因素。结果 调查 1 31对对照与病例 ,经条件Logistic回归分析 ,家庭有护墙板和地面铺瓷砖是儿童哮喘的保护性因素 ;地面铺地毯、家庭同居人口吸烟增加儿童哮喘的危险性 ;冬季取暖方式越简陋 ,厨房排烟情况越不好 ,家庭同居人口越多 ,屋尘螨含量越多 ,越增加儿童哮喘的危险性 ;儿童对油烟、尘螨、香烟烟雾、化学气味过敏与哮喘有统计学联系。结论 改善室内环境 ,避免儿童 (特别是对室内污染物过敏的儿童 )接触室内过敏原及刺激物。

Objective To explore the relationship between home environment factors and asthma in children.Methods A 1:1 matched case-control study was performed exposure to analyse some exposure factors in home environment that related with asthma.Results Pair of 131 controls and cases were investigated.In Logistic regression analyses,the wall of the family was decorated with wood,and the land was decorated with porcelain tile protective factor of asthma in children;Presence of carpets in the home,family numbers' smoking enhanced the risk of asthma in children;The worse the condition of the type of indoor heating,the type of kitchen,family residenter and house-dust mite the more higher the risk of asthma in children;Sensitive to kitchen smoke,house-dust mite,tobacco smoke and chemistry odo were associated with asthma.Conclusion Improvement of the indoor environment,avoidance of the contacting with allergen and stimulant (particularly to hypersusceptibility children) as well as avoidance of passive smoking was very important to the prevention of asthma in children.