海南省1990～1999年肝炎流行趋势分析

Analysis of the prevalent trend of viral hepatitis in Hainan from 1990 to 1999

目的 研究海南省近十年来病毒性肝炎的发病趋势及流行规律 ,为制定防治策略提供理论依据。方法 查阅法定传染病统计年报表、疫情汇编资料及疫情专题调查报告 ,进行系统的统计分析。结果 近十年来病毒性肝炎年发病率波动在 43 41/10万～ 6 6 92 /10万之间 ,呈现明显的递增趋势 ,于 1993～ 1994年和 1998～ 1999年出现两个流行高峰 ;以乙肝病例最多 ,占 5 3 6 4% ,发病逐年上升 ;男性发病显著高于女性 ,性别比为 2 4∶1;3～ 8岁组为发病高峰 ;职业分布以农民为主 ,占 2 3 5 5 %。全年肝炎病例分布较为均匀 ,而甲肝和丙肝呈现 3～ 8月发病较多 ,分别占 5 8 6 3%和 6 0 5 5 % ;沿海地区发病显著高于内陆 ,发病率分别为 6 3 41/10万和 32 0 6 /10万。结论 海南省病毒性肝炎发病呈上升趋势 。

Objectives To study the epidemic characteristics and prevalent trend of viral hepatitis in Hainan Province in recent 10 years, and to provide theoretical basis for the control of the disease. Methods Analyzed the annual reports and the data of virus hepatitis in Hainan Province from 1990 to 1999. Results The incidence rate of viral hepatitis in Hainan Province was gradually increased from 1990 (43.41/10 5) to 1999 (66.92/10 5) and peaked at 1993～1994 and 1998～1999. Most of the cases were hepatitis B, accounting for 53.64%, which was increasing annually. The incidence rate was higher in males than in females, the ratio being 2.4 to 1. Cases mainly occurred in the age group of 3～8 years and in the occupation of peasants, the later accounting for 23.55%. The cases of all viral hepatitis distributed regularly throughout the year, but hepatitis A and C occurred more from March to August, accounting for 58.63% and 60.55% respectively. The cases occurred more in the coastal areas than in inland, the incidence rate being 63.41/10 5 and 32.06/10 5 respectively. Conclusion The incidence of viral hepatitis in Hainan Province showed an increasing trend in recent 10 years. The control of viral hepatitis in children and in coastal areas should be emphasized in future.