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gemifloxacin的药理和临床研究进展

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摘要 gemifloxacin是新的第四代喹诺酮类抗菌药 ,其抗菌谱广 ,对革兰氏阳性菌有很强的杀菌活性 ,同时也保持了对革兰氏阴性菌的抗菌活性 ,而且对厌氧菌、枝原体、衣原体也有一定的抗菌作用。gemifloxacin由于 C7-位被氨基吡咯环取代 ,与细菌 DNA促旋酶和拓扑异构酶 的亲和力明显增强 ,因此能有效地抑制细菌 DNA复制并发挥杀菌效能。gemifloxacin对金黄色葡萄球菌、肺炎链球菌有极强的活性 ,MIC90 分别为 0 .0 6 3~ 1和 0 .0 15 mg/L;对喹诺酮耐药性肺炎链球菌也有很强的活性 ,MIC为 0 .0 0 4~ 0 .5 mg/ L。对大多数革兰氏阴性菌的抗菌活性均小于 0 .5 mg/ L,与环丙沙星相当 ;但对铜绿假单胞菌的活性较环丙沙星稍弱。对流感嗜血菌、粘膜炎莫拉氏菌、军团菌等也有较强的活性 ;对革兰氏阳性厌氧菌有很好的活性 ,对革兰氏阴性厌氧菌的活性有限。 gemifloxacin口服吸收迅速 ,血药浓度的平均达峰时间为 1h;组织分布广 ,平均分布容积达 4 .2± 0 .8L/ kg,平均消除半衰期为 7.4± 2 .0h,和其他药物的相互作用少 ,轻 -中度肝肾功能不全的患者均能良好耐受。gemifloxacin临床疗效确切 ,32 0 mg/ d可有效治疗敏感菌所致的呼吸道、泌尿道和其他系统的感染 ;不良反应轻微 ,常见的不良反应主要表现为轻度头晕、恶心、皮?
作者 郑莉 徐楠
出处 《国外医药(抗生素分册)》 CAS 2002年第3期131-136,144,共7页 World Notes on Antibiotics
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