北京地区女性绝经年龄调查与相关因素分析

The investigation and analysis of the factors related with the menopausal age of women in Beijing area

目的 调查目前北京地区女性自然绝经年龄状况 ,分析影响女性绝经年龄的相关因素。方法 1999年在北京地区 18个区 (县 )采取分层整群概率比率的方法抽取 10个样本群 ,对样本群中的 4 0～ 6 5岁围绝经期妇女进行问卷调查。结果 平均自然绝经年龄 4 8.4 1岁。 4 0～ 5 4组平均绝经年龄为 4 7.19岁 ,5 5～ 6 5岁组平均绝经年龄为 4 9.2 1岁 ,两组在近 2 0年内平均自然绝经年龄明显提前了 2 .0 2岁 (P <0 .0 1)。结论 育龄妇女首孕及初产年龄滞后、孕产次减少、哺乳期缩短 ,导致近 2 0年内平均自然绝经年龄明显提前 。

Objective To study the present menopausal age of the women in Beijing area, and analyze the relative factors of it.Methods Using the stratified, clustering and probability proportional to size sampling method (PPS), 10 clusters were selected from the urban districts and rural counties of Beijing in 1999.The women of 40 to 65 years old from the selected clusters were interviewed by questionnaires.Results The mean age of natural menopause age was 48.41 years old. In the group of 40 to 54 years old, the mean natural menopause was 47.19 years old, while in the group of 55 to 65 it was 49.21 years old.That means in the latest 20 years the mean natural menopause age is 2.02 years earlier than before ( P < 0.01 ).Conclusions The factors such as later baby delivery, less pregnancy, less breast feeding resulted the mean natural menopausal age earlier than before in the latest 20 years.