北京地区呼吸道合胞病毒感染的临床特点

The clinical characters of respiratory syncytial virus infection in Beijing area

目的 总结我国北京地区近 3年因呼吸道合胞病毒 (RSV)感染住院儿童的临床特点。方法 用免疫荧光法检测有呼吸道感染表现的患儿鼻咽分泌物中的病毒抗原而确定为RSV感染。结果 1 1 83份标本中2 55份为RSV阳性。患儿平均年龄 4个月 ,69.3 %为男性。临床表现为咳嗽 (98.1 % )、喘息 (69.3 % )、气促(58.5 % ) ;84%肺内有湿罗音 ,62 .3 %有喘鸣音。年龄 <2个月儿CO2 潴留更明显。诊断为肺炎者 66 %、毛细支气管炎 1 8.9%。 40 .1 %有合并症 ,以心衰 (2 8.3 % )和呼衰 (8.5 % )为主。

Objective This study reviewed the clinical characters of admitted pediatric patients with respiratory syncytial virus(RSV) infection during the recent three years in Beijing area.Methods Cases with RSV infection from October 1996 to October 1999 in Beijing area were reviewed, all of whom were admitted to Beijing Children′s Hospital with manifestations of respiratory tract infection. Viral antigens in nasopharyngeal secretions tested by immunofluorescence method were defined as RSV infection positive.Results 255 of 1183 samples were RSV positive, average age of the patients being 4 months old, 69.3 % being boys. Cough (98.1 %), wheeze (69.3 %), and tachypnea (58.5 %) were the main chief complaints, while 84 % patients had rales and 62.3 % had whee zing sound.The patients less than two months had more severe hypercapnia. 66 %of them were diagnosed as pneumonia and 18.9 % as bronchitis. 40.1 % patients had complications, among whom 28.3 % had acute heart failure and 8.5 % had respiratory failure.Conclusion Respiratory syncytial virus is an important pathogen that causes acute lower respiratory tract infection of young children in Beijing area.