简论我国古代黄河泥沙运动理论及其实践

Preliminary Discussion on Theory of the Yellow River Sediment Movement and Its Practice in Ancient Times

古人对黄河泥沙及其运动的观察和认识由来已久 ,并形成了初步的泥沙理论 ,在内容上主要表现在以下五个方面 :黄河水流含沙量、泥沙淤积规律、泥沙冲刷规律、束水攻沙理论 ,以及泥沙冲淤与河道变化的关系等。此外 ,历史上治理黄河泥沙的实践也取得了相当的成就 ,本文从五个方面对此进行了分析 ,即 :泥沙清浚、束水攻沙的实践、王景治河与贾鲁治河中的治沙问题、河口治理。

The observation and understanding of the ancients on the Yellow River sediment and its movement have a long-standing. It has formed preliminary theory on sediment. It is mainly shown through the following five aspects: the Yellow River sediment concentration, sediment deposition law, sediment scouring law, theory of scouring sediment by narrowing the channel and the relationship between scouring, deposition and river course changes. In addition, the practice on managing and controlling the Yellow River sediment also has been made considerably achievements in history. The paper is going to make analysis from five aspects, i.e. sediment dredging, practice of narrowing the channel for scouring sediment, sediment control issues in Wang Jing and Jia Lu river harnessing, estuary control and management and sediment utilization.