光动力学治疗角膜新生血管

Photodynamic therapy for corneal neovascularization

介绍光动力学治疗(PDT)的机制、光敏剂的种类和PDT用于角膜新生血管的研究现状。PDT应用低能量的光作用于光敏剂,产生对靶组织有毒性的光化学反应。光敏剂易于聚积在肿瘤和新生血管处,被增殖性的细胞摄取,这些组织吸收激光能量,导致自身氧化作用和细胞膜、线粒体、溶酶体和核的直接损伤,最终导致靶组织的新生血管和肿瘤组织的细胞死亡。临床常用的光敏剂多是卟啉和它的衍生物,包括:苯卟啉衍生物单酸、氯化铝酞花青磺酸盐(CASPc)、SnET2、SINc、菌绿素a等。血啉单醚是一种国产的较理想的单体光动力学治疗新药。国外研究应用ATX－S10和 SnET 2等作为光敏剂治疗角膜新生血管,疗效显著。

The mechanism of photodynamic therapy, photosensitizers in the treatment of corneal neovascularization are introduced. Photodynamic therapy combines the application of low intensity light with the administration of a photosensitizing agent to induce a photochemical reaction that liberates toxic products to the target tissue. A major side effect of photosensitizing agents is coetaneous sensitivity to light. The majority of clinical experience comes from work with porphyrin and its variants. The major compounds include benzoporphyrin derivative monoacid ,chloroaluminium sulfonated phthalocyanine , tin ethyl etiopurpurin , silicon naphthalocyanine ,and bacteriochlorina. Hematoporphyrin monomethyl ether is a new single porphyrin compound made in china. Promised results have been reported using HMME in the treatment of port wine stains and the patients are required to avoid bright sunlight for just 2 days. Retreatment can be given at 3-week intervals after initial PDT. The results are excited for a therapy in the treatment of corneal neovascularization using ATX-S10 or SnET 2 as photosensitizers.