彩色棉纤维发育的特性研究

Study on characteristics of colored cotton fiber development.

棕色和绿色纤维中的色素可用 HNO3 /乙醇提取 ,提取液中的色素含量可在 4 12 nm波长下根据吸收值的大小进行估计。在开花后 15 d前后 ,棕色和绿色纤维中的色素已经形成和积累 ,并在开花后2 0 d色素含量达到最高值 .棕色纤维颜色发生明显加深的时期是开花后 30～ 35 d,棕色纤维的颜色较稳定 ,在阳光下甚至有加深的趋势。绿色棉纤维在开花后 2 0 d时纤维出现绿色 ,之后随着纤维的发育颜色逐渐加深 ,但在阳光下易退色。在棕色和绿色纤维中纤维素含量明显低于白色纤维 ,可能是由色素物质的积累所引起。在开花后 15～ 30 d期间 ,白色纤维细胞的 p H值呈快速下降趋势 ,但棕色和绿色纤维细胞的 p H值下降速度比白色纤维细胞明显要慢 ,在这一时期 p H值下降速度的快慢可能与纤维的伸长、次生壁的加厚和色素的形成有关。与白色纤维比较 ,棕色和绿色纤维品质较差 ,如 :长度偏短 ,强度偏低 。

Pigment matter in fiber cells of brown or green cotton could be extracted by HNO 3/ethanol distillation, and its content could be estimated by absorbance reading at 412 nm for distillation solution Pigment matter in brown or green cotton fiber cells could be obviously detected when fiber cells grown up to about 15 days post anthesis (DPA), reaching a maximum content at 20 DPA Fiber color change from white to brown in the boll of brown cotton was not found until 30 35 DPA, and brown color was very stable and even deepening in the sunlight However, fiber in the green cotton boll began to be colored green at 20 DPA, after this, fiber color was gradually deepened with fiber development, but easy to fad in the sunlight Cellulose content in brown or green cotton fiber was significantly lower than in white cotton fiber, which might be caused by accumulation of fiber pigment matter Between 15 and 30 DPA, the pH in white fiber cells lowered rapidly, while that in brown or green fiber cells slowly It was suggested that a rapid or slow decline for fiber cell pH during this period might bring some effects on fiber cell elongation, secondary wall synthesis and color change Comparing with white fiber, quality of brown or green colored fibers was lower, such as shorter length and weaker strength, which possible reason was discussed in the paper