粉煤灰施入砂姜黑土对麦田重金属元素分布影响的研究

The Accumulation and Distribution of Heavy Metal in Various Organs of Wheat after Applying Coal Fly Ash to Sajiang Black Soil

采用盆栽试验方法 ,研究了粉煤灰施入砂姜黑土的改良效果及Cd、Cr、Pb、Hg和As等重金属元素在小麦各部位的积累与分布。结果表明 :粉煤灰施入砂姜黑土可以降低土壤容重、比重及土壤粘粒含量 ,增加孔隙和土壤渗透系数。被吸收的重金属元素主要分布在根系中 ,其次是叶片 ,在茎杆、叶鞘及籽粒中的分布极少。根系对Cd和As具有富集作用 ;籽粒中Cd、Cr、Pb、As随用灰量的增加而增加 ,Hg则减少 ,但在 3 6× 10 4kg/hm2 的用灰量范围内 。

By pot experiment, after applying coal fly ash into Shajiang Black soil, the amending effects and distribution of Cd,Cr,Pb,Hg and As in various organs of wheat were studied. The results showed that Shajiang Black Soil amended by coal fly ash could decreaes clay contert and soil density, increase soil capillary porosity and soil filtration coefficient. The heavy metal uptaken was mainly stored in root system, the second was in leaf ,and less in stem, sheath and grain. Root had a function of accumulation for Cd and Cr. In wheat grain, the more the coal fly ash used, the higher the Cd, Cr, Pb, Hg and As accumulated were, but the less the Hg accumulated was. Among 3 6×10 4kg/hm 2 of coal fly ash applied, the accumulated quantity of Cd?Cr?Pb?Hg and As in soil and in wheat grain were lower than that of international standard index of pollution.