现代建模与优化技术研究——在三江平原井灌水稻节水灌溉系统中的应用

Study on the Modern Building Models & Optimum Technique ——Application of Water Saving System for Well Irrigation Rice in Sanjiang Plain

将SPAC模型理论变相宏观应用于三江平原井灌水稻节水灌溉系统中 ,将地下水、农用机井、晒水池、渠道、本田池、环境因子等纳入整体系统 ,在各个子系统中综合运用现代建模与优化技术 ,通过有关机理与理论研究 ,建立相关的数学模型。对地下水、晒水池、渠道及水稻水分生产函数、水稻需水量、有效降雨等 6个子系统进行建模与分析 ,制定了非充分灌溉条件下优化灌溉制度。最后通过典型示范小区的优化设计 ,将节水技术组装 ,实现了增温 5～ 15℃ ,节水 17 1% ,增产 70 0～ 10 0 0kg/hm2

The author applies covertly and macroscopically the SPAC theory model to the water saving system of well irrigation rice in Sanjiang Plain. Several sub systems have been taken as a whole large system, such as groundwater, machine well, sunning water pool, channel, field, environment and so on. Through applying modern building models and optimization technique, the author analyzes the mechanism and theory of each subsystem, some mathematical models about groundwater, sunning water pool, channel, water production function, water requirement and available rainfall have been built. At last, through designing the typical demonstration area, the author combines several water saving techniques into a whole system. Thus, the goal of raising water temperature 5～15℃, saving water 17 1 % and increasing yield 700～1 000 kg/hm 2 canbe reached. [