摘要
目的:提高臀坐式外伤骶尾椎骨折的X线表现的认识,减少漏、误诊。方法:回顾性统计分析198例臀坐式外伤病人骶尾椎X线片的X线征象。结果:198例病人中骶尾椎骨折64例,骨折发生率32.32％。其中男性骨折发生率为30.00％(12/40)、女性骨折发生率为32.91％(52/158)。骨折部位以骶4、5为主(84.37％)。骨折类型以完全性骨折多见,其中斜行骨折占43.55％、横形骨折占38.71％、粉碎性骨折占17.74％。X线征象有骨皮质断裂,弧弓连续性中断,远折端轻度前移或后移并向近端嵌入,两折端无分离现象。约有76.56％(49/64)的骨折病人可见骶前间隙软组织密度增高。结论:男、女性别之间臀坐式外伤病人骶尾椎骨折发生率无显著差异(P>0.05)。骶前间隙密度改变是骶尾椎骨折的间接X线征象。骶尾椎骨折远端前移或后移并嵌入是骶尾椎骨折的特殊表现。
To analyze the X - ray features of injured sacrum and coccyx fracture and avoid misdiagnosis or miss diagnosis.Methods: Statistically analyze the X- ray films of 198 cases with injured buttocks, retrospectively, focusing on the X-ray configurations of the sacrum and coccyx.Results: In 198 cases, there are 64 cases with sacrum and coccyx fracture, male 30.00% (12/40), female 32.91% (52/158), respectively. It mainly occurred in sacrum 4 or sacrum 5 (84.37%). The primary type was complete fracture, consisted of oblique type 43.55 % , transverse type 38.71 % and comminuted fracture 17.74% .The main X- ray signs are as follows: broken bone cortex, abnormal vertebral arc, anterior or posterior displacement of distant fracture, without separated changing. Soft tissue shadow increased density can be found in anterior space of sacrum in about 76.60% cases.Conclusion: There is no obvious differences of the incidence between male and female patients (P>0.05), the changing of density in anterior space of sacrum is a significant indirect sign of sacrum and coccyx fractures. The displacement of distant fracture is the special finding in verifying the disease.
