从上海市热岛演变看城市绿化的重要意义

Importance of City Green by Investigation on Evolution of Heat Island in Shanghai City

近 40年来 ,上海城市热岛面积扩大了 7～ 8倍 ,强度增强了一倍 ,导致了高温灾害的增加。上海热岛的迅速扩展和增强始于 2 0世纪 80年代 ,与上海城市的建设有明显的对应关系。如何合理规划城市建设 ,减缓热岛效应影响 ,以保证上海城市的健康和可持续发展 ,已成为一个迫切需要解决的问题。近几年来显示出的上海中心城区热岛强度减弱趋势表明 ,城市绿化建设对减缓城市热岛效应具有重要意义。

In recent 40 years the area of heat island in Shanghai city has extended 7～8 times and the intensity of heat island enhanced about one time. It results in the increase of hoting damage. The rapid extension and intensification of heat island in Shanghai since 1980′s are related well with the development of the city construction. It has become a problem urgently to be solved that how the city construction should be programmed rationally in order to reduce the influence of heat island and to keep Shanghai city healthy and sustainable development. The decreasing tendency of heat island effect in the central district in recent years indicates the importance of city greening.