风化壳研究的现状与展望

Present Situation and Prospects of Researches on Weathering Crust

风化壳是岩石圈、大气圈以及水圈、生物圈之间相互作用的界面 ,能够直接记录地球多圈层演化的信息。利用风化壳的地带性规律重建古环境是地貌学研究的传统内容之一。近年来 ,单晶矿物激光4 0 Ar/ 3 9Ar测年技术、“双面”模式以及古地磁法等在风化壳研究中的成功应用 ,在理论和技术上为恢复大陆剥蚀区高分辨率的环境演变历史创造了条件。利用风化年代学、风化地层学、古地磁学和地球化学等方法对风化壳进行综合研究 ,不仅可以建立剥蚀区的环境演变序列 ,为风化期次(事件 )与其他全球性构造 气候事件的对比提供了广阔的前景 ;而且可以用于化学风化 (强度和速度 )的准确量化 ,有利于深入理解构造 剥蚀 风化 气候之间相互作用的反馈机制和正确评估人类活动对未来气候的影响能力。

Weathering crust is an interaction interface between the lithosphere, the atmosphere, the hydrosphere and biosphere, and thus keeps abundant information concerning the evolution of the Earth's multi spheres. It is a traditional work to reconstruct palaeogeographical conditions according to the zonal principle and the signals distilled from the weathering crust. Recent successful application of the laser 40 Ar/ 39 Ar dating technique of single crystal and 'double surface' model to weathering study pioneers a new aspect of research on global change. The synthetical study of weathering crust can not only yield high resolving records of environmental change in denudation areas of continents, which provide a wide perspective for comparison of weathering episodes (events) with others global tectonic climate events, but also redound to an accurate quantification of weathering processes, which is in favor of a profound understanding of coupling relationship between tectonics, weathering, denudation and climate and an appropriate estimation of human impact on future climate.