茭白田蜘蛛的群落结构及多样性调查

THE DIVERSITY AND THE STRUCTURE OF SPIDER COMMUNITY IN ZIZANIA CADUCIFLORA FIELD

对茭白田中的蜘蛛Spider群落进行了系统的采样调查 ,对茭白田和蔬菜地、蚕豆地、小麦地、冬闲田、田埂和荒地等生境中的越冬蜘蛛的群落结构和多样性进行了比较 ,并就茭白田对邻近稻田蛛量的影响进行了初步研究。结果表明 ,茭白田越冬蜘蛛种类有 1 1科、 31属、 48种。在茭白田中越冬的蜘蛛密度是其它生境的 4倍～ 40倍。拟水狼蛛Piratasubpiraticus是茭白田蜘蛛的优势种 ,占总数的 5 0 %以上。茭白田可提高邻近稻田蛛量约30 %。茭白田是蜘蛛尤其是拟水狼蛛在稻田生态系统主要的越冬场所和避难所 。

A systemic sampling for investigation of spiders was conducted in Zizania field, the species diversity and community structure of the overwinterred spiders were analysed and compared among the other six typical habitat patterns in rice ecosystem, vegetable field, horsebean field, wheat field, fallow, bund and wasteland. The results indicated that the spiders overwinterred in Zizania field consist of 11 families, 31 genues and 48 species, Among them, Pirata subpiraticus is a dominant species, which was over 50 percent of total spiders. The density of spiders in Zizania field was 4-40 times the density of spiders in other habitats. Due to the neighboring Zizania field, the density of spiders in paddy fields could be promoted for about 30 percent. The Zizania field is a main refuge area for the spider within rice ecosystem, especially for Pirata subpiraticus.