福建华安玉的宝石学研究

Gemmology of Huaan Jade from Fujian Province

华安玉是产于福建闽西南地区的一种古老玉石 ,以绿色为主 ,还有粉红色、白色和黑色。折射率为1 .5 3～ 1 .65 ,密度为 2 .8～ 3 .1 g/cm3 ,硬度为 5 .8～ 6.6。主要矿物成分为铁次透辉石、石英、钾长石等。它的颜色与其中所含的矿物种类有关 ,绿色是其中较多的铁次透辉石引起的 ,粉红色与钾长石有关。均匀细腻的结构使其具有较好的工艺性能。根据华安玉的颜色和纹理 ,将其分为 5个品种 。

Huaan Jade is an ancient jade occurring in northwestern Fujian Province. It has colours of green, pink, white and black, refractive indices of 1.53～1.65, specific gravity of 2 8～3 1 g/cm 3, hardness of 5.8～6.6. Huaan Jade consists mainly of Fe diopside, quartz and K feldspar. The colours are caused by different minerals in the jade. Green is related to Fe diopside, pink to K feldspar and black to some opaque minerals. Homogeneous and fine texture makes the jade have the excellent processing properties. Huaan Jade has been classified into five classes on the basis of its colour and texture. The main identification features have been put forward.