读战国楚竹书《孔子诗论》

Read The Poetry Discussions by Confucius written on the bamboo slips excavated in the State of Chu

楚国在春秋时代已大量吸收中原文化 ,到了战国时代 ,楚文化已成为中华文化的一个重要组成部分。这时 ,北方的儒家思想已为楚人所接受。当时儒家典籍 ,在楚国已很流行。秦统一以后 ,实行“焚书坑儒” ,但齐、楚二地 ,距秦都咸阳较远 ,秦控制力不强 ,故古代典籍及师儒多保存于齐楚二地。《汉书·儒林传》中儒生 ,多齐楚人。楚竹书《孔子诗论》的发现说明了战国时楚国儒学之盛。从《孔子诗论》看来 ,它反映了战国中期以前儒家对《诗经》的看法。这种看法虽与后来的齐、鲁、韩、毛等汉代学者有区别 ,但无可否认的是他们都多少受到《孔子诗论》等先秦儒家的影响。其中《毛诗》似与《孔子诗论》的说法最近 ,齐、鲁、韩三家可能由于用《诗》劝谏君主、藩王 ,多少要“断章取义” ,故相去较远。但《毛诗》和《三家诗》

In this article, the writer believes that by the Period of the Warring States, the culture of Chu already formed an essential part of the Chinese Culture. The people of Chu had already accepted the thoughts of the Confucian school originated from Northern China. Many ancient books and records of the Confucian school were popular literature in the state of Chu at that time. The Poetry Discussions by Confucius written on the bamboo slips excavated in the State of Chu show proof of the fact that Confucianism flourished in Chu during the Period of the Warring States. The content of this book reflects the views of the Confucian school with regard to the context of the Book of Songs.